Battle of Medina Remembered


Tom Green, President of the Texas Society of the Sons of the American Revolution, has advised us that the 193rd anniversary ceremony commemorating the bloodiest battle in Texas history will begin at 11:00 a.m., Saturday, August 19, 2006. This is the 5th year that Texans have honored the approximately 3,200 men who fought in the bloodiest battle in Texas history on August 18, 1813. “We don’t really know how many people were killed that day,” explains Green, “but it could have been as many as 1,300 men.” Many more were killed over the next weeks from San Fernando de Bexar (San Antonio) all the way to the Sabine River. This battle all but de-populated Texas and delayed the settlement of area for many years.

Last year, over 200 Texans gathered to commemorate the 192nd anniversary of the Battle of Medina and an official Texas Historical Marker was placed at the site. See picture.
The historical marker reads:

BATTLE OF MEDINA
TEXAS’ BLOODIEST MILITARY ENGAGEMENT – THE BATTLE OF MEDINA MAY HAVE TAKEN PLACE IN THIS GENERAL VICINITY IN 1813. THE EARLY 19TH CENTURY WAS A TIME OF POLITICAL UPHEAVAL, AND IN 1812, WHILE THE U.S. WAS AT WAR WITH ENGLAND; SPAIN FACED REVOLTS THROUGHOUT LATIN AMERICA, INCLUDING MEXICO. IN THIS REVOLUTIONARY CLIMATE, AMERICANS AND OTHERS BEGAN EFFORTS TO INFLUENCE THE FATE OF MEXICO, OF WHICH TEXAS WAS A PROVINCE.
BERNARDO GUTIERREZ AND LT. A.W. MAGEE MARCHED FROM LOUISIANA TO TEXAS IN 1812 WITH THEIR REPUBLICAN ARMY OF THE NORTH. CAPTURING NACOGDOCHES AND TRINIDAD, THEY MOVED ON TO PRESIDIO LA BAHIA, WHERE THEY SURVIVED A FOUR MONTH SIEGE BY SPANISH GOVERNORS AND THEIR ROYALIST FORCES. THE ROYALISTS RETREATED TOWARD SAN ANTONIO IN FEBRUARY 1913, AND IN MARCH, THE REPUBLICAN ARMY FOLLOWED THEM AND WAS AMBUSHED IN THE BATTLE OF ROSILLO. THE REPUBLICANS PERSEVERED, CAPTURED SAN ANTONIO AND EXECUTED THE SPANISH GOVERNORS. GUTIERREZ’S NEW REPUBLIC OF TEXAS , WITH ITS GREEN FLAG, WAS MARKED BY INTERNAL POLITICAL PROBLEMS.
SPAIN SENT TROOPS UNDER GEN. JOAQUIN DE ARREDONDO TO RETAKE TEXAS. AMONG HIS MEN WAS ANTONIO LOPEZ DE SANTA ANNA, LATER MEXICO’S LEADER DURING THE TEXAS REVOLUTION. THE REPUBLICANS MARCHED FROM SAN ANTONIO ON AUG. 15 1813 WITH ABOUT 1,400 TROOPS: AMERICAN VOLUNTEERS, TEJANOS, MEXICANS AND NATIVE AMERICANS, LED ACROSS THE PLAINS SOUTH OF THE MEDINA RIVER. THE FATIGUED ARMY FACED SPANISH TROOPS ON AUG, 18 AND WAS SOUNDLY DEFEATED, FEWER THAN 100 ESCAPED. MOST WERE EXECUTED. THE SPANISH LEFT THE DECIMATED TEXANS ON THE BATTLEFIELD AND PROCEEDED TO SAN ANTONIO TO PUNISH CITIZENS WHO SUPPORTED INDEPENDENCE. EIGHT YEARS LATER, MEXICAN LEADERS ORDERED THE REMAINS OF THE FALLEN SOLDIERS TO BE BURIED UNDER AN OAK TREE ON THE BATTLEFIELD. ALTHOUGH THE EXACT SITE OF THE BATTLE HAS YET TO BE DETERMINED ARCHEOLOGICALLY, THE STORY REMAINS AN IMPORTANT PART OF TEXAS HISTORY.

Tom Green also advises that at least 5 men who participated in the American Revolution participated in the the Battle of Medina.

Author:  on August 12, 2006
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